Heron's Formula and Ptolemy's Theorem

نویسنده

  • Marco Riccardi
چکیده

We adopt the following rules: p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p, p7 denote points of E2 T and a, b, c, r, s denote real numbers. Next we state four propositions: (1) If sin](p1, p2, p3) = sin](p4, p5, p6) and cos](p1, p2, p3) = cos](p4, p5, p6), then ](p1, p2, p3) = ](p4, p5, p6). (2) sin](p1, p2, p3) = −sin](p3, p2, p1). (3) cos](p1, p2, p3) = cos](p3, p2, p1). (4) ](p1, p4, p2)+](p2, p4, p3) = ](p1, p4, p3) or ](p1, p4, p2)+](p2, p4, p3) = ](p1, p4, p3) + 2 · π. Let us consider p1, p2, p3. The area of M(p1, p2, p3) yields a real number and is defined by: (Def. 1) The area of M(p1, p2, p3) = 2 · (((p1)1 · (p2)2 − (p2)1 · (p1)2) + ((p2)1 · (p3)2 − (p3)1 · (p2)2) + ((p3)1 · (p1)2 − (p1)1 · (p3)2)).

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Ptolemy's Theorem

This entry provides an analytic proof to Ptolemy’s Theorem using polar form transformation and trigonometric identities. In this formalization, we use ideas from John Harrison’s HOL Light formalization [1] and the proof sketch on the Wikipedia entry of Ptolemy’s Theorem [3]. This theorem is the 95th theorem of the Top 100 Theorems list [2].

متن کامل

An automated tool for localization of heart sound components S1, S2, S3 and S4 in pulmonary sounds using Hilbert transform and Heron’s formula

ABSTRACT The primary problem with lung sound (LS) analysis is the interference of heart sound (HS) which tends to mask important LS features. The effect of heart sound is more at medium and high flow rate than that of low flow rate. Moreover, pathological HS obscures LS in a higher degree than normal HS. To get over this problem, several HS reduction techniques have been developed. An important...

متن کامل

An Overview of Mathematical Contributions of Ghiyath al-Din Jamshid Al-Kashi [Kashani]

In this paper, we study Ghiyath al-Din Jamshid al-Kashi's (1380-1429 A.D.) main mathematical achievements. We discuss his al-Risala al-muhitiyya ("The Treatise on the Circumference"), Risala al-watar wa'l-jaib ("The Treatise on the Chord and Sine"), and Miftah al-hisab ("The Key of Arithmetic"). In particular, we look at al-Kashi's fundamental theorem, his calcula...

متن کامل

IMO/KKK/Geometric Inequality/1 Geometric Inequalities

Notation and Basic Facts a, b, and c are the sides of ∆ABC opposite to A, B, and C respectively. [ABC] = area of ∆ABC s = semi-perimeter =) c b a (2 1 + + r = inradius R = circumradius Sine Rule: R 2 C sin c B sin b A sin a = = = Cosine Rule: a 2 = b 2 + c 2 − 2bc cos A [ABC] = B sin ac 2 1 A sin bc 2 1 C sin ab 2 1 = = = R 4 abc =) c s)(b s)(a s (s − − − (Heron's Formula) = 2 cr 2 br 2 ar + + ...

متن کامل

Sum Formula for Maximal Abstract Monotonicity and Abstract Rockafellar’s Surjectivity Theorem

In this paper, we present an example in which the sum of two maximal abstract monotone operators is maximal. Also, we shall show that the necessary condition for Rockafellar’s surjectivity which was obtained in ([19], Theorem 4.3) can be sufficient.

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Formalized Mathematics

دوره 16  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2008